Data on germination and germination times: how many days do tomato seeds take to germinate? How many days does it take for peppers to sprout after sowing? How many days does it take for seedlings to appear?

Shoots appear at their own time, intended for each crop. And it is almost impossible to influence this process towards a decrease. But, knowing the approximate timing, you can calculate when to expect seedlings, when the time comes to plant seedlings in open ground, etc.

How many days will it take for the shoots to appear?

Seedlings of plants sown as seedlings appear at certain times: (Cm.: )

When growing seedlings, do not forget the fact that seedlings of a certain age are required for planting in open ground. And if 30-40 days are enough for cucumbers, then for eggplants the optimal age is 80 days.

Optimal age of seedlings for planting in open ground :

Seeds do not germinate - what is the reason and what to do?

If the seeds do not germinate within the expected time frame, it is worth analyzing the situation and, if possible, correcting the shortcomings. What can delay the emergence of seedlings?

1. Insufficient temperature for germination. The optimal temperature is +21 degrees. even a small error in the direction of reduction causes the seeds to stop development; they seem to wait for more favorable conditions.

3. Seeding depth too deep. This can be a serious obstacle to sprouts. Yes, weeds and champignons even penetrate asphalt on the roads, but you should not count on the penetration abilities of your seeds. Traditionally, the sowing depth is calculated as follows: it is equal to three times the size of the seed itself.

It happens that a seemingly correctly sown plant ends up in the deeper layers of the soil mixture - this happens if watering is done after sowing, and not before it.

4. Physiological timing of seedling emergence. You shouldn’t wait for the eggplants to sprout (See:) in three days, or panic if the cabbage has sprouted but the peppers haven’t yet. The timing of emergence of seedlings also differs between varieties of the same crop.

5. Treated seeds germinate later. Dried (see), inlaid and similar. seeds germinate at a later date. Of course, for successful storage after processing, the seeds are thoroughly dried - and the activation of processes occurs much more slowly.

Good luck, dear friends!

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The packet of seeds usually indicates how many days it takes for the seeds to germinate. The same information can be found in the grower's reference book. But the actual waiting time for the first shoots may differ significantly from the numbers given. Why does this happen, and what factors influence the germination process?

Seed germination time

The time that will pass from the moment the seed falls into the ground until the first sprout appears is determined genetically. Thus, the undisputed leader is watercress, which will sprout in 3-4 days. But leeks will need much more time for this - about 2 weeks. Below you will find a detailed germination table.

Table No. 1: How many days after sowing do seeds germinate?

(Source: book “Seedlings and Seeds”, look at the third column and other useful information 😉)

Table of timing of seed germination No. 2:

(Source: book “All About Vegetables”, D. G. Hession)

It should be taken into account that the data presented assume optimal conditions for germination of seeds pre-soaked in warm water. If the environment does not meet these conditions, the plants will develop at a slower pace. But there are also ways to reduce germination time several times.

Why do seeds germinate poorly?

There are several reasons for this, and the most common of them is that the seed is too old. Improper storage can lead to the same results, during which the seeds partially lose their ability to develop. But even with the highest quality seeds, a gardener may encounter this problem if:

• Plant seeds in excessively moist, oxygen-poor soil;
• Before planting, treat the soil with pesticides. Not only harmful bacteria die from them, but also all beneficial microflora, and it takes time to restore it;
• Fertilize the beds with mineral compounds of unacceptably high concentration;
• Plant seeds in very cold or too warm soil (earlier or later than required).
• Excessively bury seeds in the soil. To determine the correct depth, double the length of the seed (for small to medium sized seeds), or multiply it by 4 (for plants with large seeds);
• Water the beds before the first shoots appear: jets of water turn over the seeds, and the barely hatched sprouts die, becoming disoriented;
• Allow the top layer of soil to dry out, causing the sprouts to die. The most susceptible to this are seeds that were soaked before planting, since dried soil draws moisture from them.

These are the possible reasons why seeds germinate poorly and take much longer to germinate than indicated in the day tables. Avoiding the last two mutually exclusive reasons is simple: to do this, it is enough to sow the seeds, cover the bed with plastic wrap and securely fasten it. Instead of film, you can use any thick fabric and water directly over it. With the emergence of shoots, the film or fabric is removed. There are also covering materials (spunbond, lutrasil) that do not need to be removed so that they protect the seedlings from frost and pest invasion.

The closer the time comes to the onset of the new gardening season, the more actively summer residents prepare for growing various fruit crops. Even boxes with seedlings appear on the windowsills. Young plants are closely monitored, because the harvest this year directly depends on their health. But sometimes when germinating seeds, gardeners encounter various difficulties. And today we will clarify how long it takes for seedlings to sprout? And why doesn’t it sometimes germinate?

How long does it take for seedlings to sprout??

The period of seed germination is different for each plant. And it is almost impossible to speed it up in any way. However, information about the timing of emergence of seedlings is very important, because it helps to calculate the dates that are optimal for planting plants in open ground and the approximate period for harvesting.

How many days should we wait for germination??

The first cucumber seedlings can be seen within three days to one week after planting. Cauliflower seeds germinate at approximately the same time.
The cutting period for small squash and zucchini lasts a little longer - from three to ten days. Similar periods are typical for white cabbage.
Eggplant seedlings usually germinate five to ten days after sowing. And tomatoes produce the first sprouts in six to ten days.

You can expect the first onion sprouts five to twelve days after sowing. And celery cuts through in seven to fourteen days, as does rhubarb.
Bell peppers take quite a long time to germinate. Usually, summer residents notice the first entrances only after seven to fifteen days.

When determining the optimal time for planting seeds for seedlings, readers of Popular About Health need to focus not only on the time required for germination, but also on the age at which grown plants need to be transferred to open soil. After all, cucumbers can grow to the desired state in thirty to forty days, but eggplants need an order of magnitude longer - up to eighty days.

Average time for planting seedlings in open soil

When calculating how many days it takes for seedlings to appear, keep in mind that the plants need to be transferred to open ground:

Peppers and tomatoes aged sixty to seventy days;
- eggplants and celery aged sixty to eighty days;
- cabbage aged forty to forty-five days;
- cucumbers, zucchini, and squash aged thirty to forty days.

If you don’t see any seedlings?

In the event that the seedlings do not seem to germinate in the expected period of time, think about it, perhaps you did something wrong. The most common reason for the lack of seedlings is:

Temperature too low. It is believed that the best temperature for the emergence of seedlings is plus twenty-one degrees Celsius. Accordingly, if it is cooler in your house, the seeds may be in no hurry to wake up, considering such conditions to be not favorable enough.

Excessive air humidity. If the soil is too damp, the seeds in it will simply suffocate. After all, for successful germination they really need oxygen, and its lack can lead to the death of planting material.

Excessive depth. Perhaps the seeds do not germinate because you did not plant them correctly. Sometimes excessive seeding depth becomes a serious hindrance for timid seedlings. Of course, weeds can grow even through asphalt, but you definitely shouldn’t count on such skill when planting cucumbers. Classically, the sifting depth is calculated based on the size of the seed - it should be three times greater.

Sometimes even correctly sown seeds penetrate quite deeply into the soil mixture; a similar situation is observed in cases where watering is carried out after sowing, and not before it.

Physiology. You should not expect the first eggplant sprouts to appear three days after sowing, and you should not expect cabbage to sprout at the same time as pepper. The classical timing of emergence of seedlings is known, and sometimes they differ even for the same crops that belong to different varieties.

Treatment. Specially treated planting material germinates a little later. So, if the seeds are coated or encrusted, there is no need to expect rapid germination from them. After all, such planting material is subjected to especially thorough drying; accordingly, it takes longer before germination processes are activated.

Other possible reasons for lack of seedlings

Sometimes seeds do not hatch because they simply cannot sprout. So, you simply won’t get sprouts if you used an expired product. For example, the same tomato seeds can remain viable only for four to five years, no longer. And if you haven’t noticed the seedlings two weeks after planting, then you most likely won’t see them.

Insufficiently correct pre-planting preparation can damage the condition of the planting material. Thus, using a strong solution of potassium permanganate or prolonged treatment can simply burn the seeds. Stimulants must be used strictly in accordance with the instructions, leaving no room for initiative.

With proper sowing organization, the seeds germinate on time, and the plants look healthy and strong. But if this doesn't happen, you most likely did something wrong.

To answer absolutely unambiguously the question “after how many days do seeds germinate?” impossible - and there is a whole complex of biologically determined reasons for this. Let's look at the various aspects of this problem in more detail.

Why is it impossible to accurately predict in advance how long it takes for seeds to germinate?

A plant seed is a perfect natural biomechanism designed for the regular reproduction of a species. Accordingly, it must a priori ensure the survival of the species in a very wide range of conditions.

A simple example: imagine that in a natural environment, after exposure to favorable factors, all available seeds of one type sprouted at the same time - and then suddenly a drought or other catastrophic phenomenon occurred, causing the death of the seedlings.Obviously, for a particular species such a scenario would mean complete death, which is completely unacceptable from a biological point of view.

Therefore, a typical seed germination curve is somewhat similar to part of a Gaussian distribution curve: there is certainly a “tail”, where some of the seeds with an initially “inhibited” internal biological clock necessarily fall. However, an amateur gardener usually solves exactly the opposite natural problem, namely: how to ensure the maximum simultaneous germination of a group of seeds when planting?

How plant seeds “wake up”

With the exception of a number of species that necessarily require stratification (imitation of the effects of natural winter/summer cycles and other special measures to initiate germination), in most cases, preliminary soaking of seeds in water at positive temperatures is sufficient. Often, during such soaking, it is advisable to frequently change the water in order to remove substances released from the seeds that specifically inhibit germination (this is clearly noticeable, for example, on the seeds of the apple tribe).

However, there are a number of “biotechnological tricks” that can often initiate almost “instantaneous” interruption of seed dormancy and their hatching. The trigger can be:

• the presence of trace amounts of peroxide compounds (primarily hydrogen peroxide) in the water used;
• use of phytoharmones;
• the use of substances that increase the permeability of cell membranes (for example, such as DMSO - dimethyl sulfoxide);

In “home” conditions, the easiest way for an amateur gardener to use for soaking is melt water, naturally obtained from snow or ice (the curious reader can learn where hydrogen peroxide comes from in such water from the works of domestic scientists D.A. Selivanovsky and V.L. Voeikova, or watch on YouTube a recording of a popular science program dedicated to the dynamic instability of water).

Despite the apparent simplicity of the technique, in practice, the use of melt water (or an essentially similar periodic covering of seeds with a thin layer of fine snow with its subsequent melting) gives an impressive result: for example, in “home” experiments with serial germination of lobularia/alissum seeds, the author managed to achieve them friendly pipping from a completely dry state in literally 24-36 hours instead of a week.

Eggplants take a long time to ripen; the earliest ripening varieties will take more than 100 days from germination to technical ripeness of the fruit. Sowing seedlings begins early, and a long time before the emergence of seedlings makes it impossible to replant in case of unsuccessful results. Therefore, increasing the germination of eggplant seeds is of great importance.

How many days it takes for eggplant seeds to germinate depends on many reasons. Different varieties have different germination times, what matters is the year the seeds were collected or the time of their storage - although they are considered suitable for up to 8 years, germination is best observed in seeds 2 - 4 years of storage, then it decreases noticeably.

If you sow dry, unprepared seeds, you can wait up to 25 days or even longer for results. Therefore, before planting, all vegetable growers usually carry out a number of measures with the seed material, which are aimed at shortening the period of uncertainty and eradicating possible infections.

The timing of germination often depends on the air temperature at which it occurs, the lighting regime, even the depth of placing the seeds in the soil, and the quality of the soil itself.

Video “How to check seed germination?”

From the video you will learn how to check the germination of eggplant seeds.

How to increase germination

It is advisable to check the germination of purchased seeds in advance. To do this, take 10–14 of them, place them on a damp cloth, wrap them in polyethylene, and keep them warm. After a few days (it can take from 5 to 15, the fabric must be kept damp all the time) tiny sprouts will appear. A result of 50% is considered acceptable, which means that every second seed will germinate. If the result is lower, then it is better to buy another seed.

The seeds were most likely stored at a low temperature to awaken the ability to grow, they need to be kept warm for several days. Many gardeners bring seeds home a month before sowing; at first they simply lie somewhere at room temperature, then for a day or two they are placed near a radiator or other heating device. You can speed up this whole process by placing the seed in hot water (+50 degrees) for 25 minutes; after such warming up, they are kept in the refrigerator for another day. So, simultaneously with awakening, the seeds are disinfected and hardened using a thermal method. You can stratify them by placing them alternately in the refrigerator at night and in the room during the day for about a week. The most common way to disinfect seed is to soak it in a bright solution of potassium permanganate for 25 minutes.

Soaking in growth stimulants will help speed up the germination of eggplant seeds and increase their germination. You can buy special products in the store, dilute them according to the instructions, and soak the seed for the specified time. You can use sodium humate, nitrophoska, aloe juice or wood ash infusion. Some producers have already carried out all the measures for disinfection and preparation for sowing; their seeds are sold covered with a colored coating of nutrients.

After all that has been described, you can also place the nucleoli for germination in a damp cloth or cotton pads, wrap them in polyethylene, and put them in a warm place. The result will be visible after 4 – 5 days.

When and how to plant seeds

Eggplants are heat-loving plants; in order for the seedlings to quickly grow in the garden, they need to be planted when the soil has warmed up enough and the air temperature has risen to +25 degrees. This occurs depending on the region from the end of May to the first half of June. By this time, the seedlings should reach the age of 60 - 75 days, so that things will go well for them, and the harvest will have time to reach technical maturity by the end of summer. Some more time (10 - 15 days) needs to be planned for seedlings to be obtained. Based on these dates, the sowing time is calculated; in the south it can be the end of February, and in the middle zone - the second half of March. At the end of winter, they usually begin to prepare eggplant seedlings for planting in the greenhouse.

Prepared or even sprouted seeds are placed in light nutrient soil at a shallow depth, covered with glass or film, and placed in a warm place with an air temperature of at least +25 degrees. With the appearance of the first loops of sprouted seeds, the dishes with them are brought out into the light. And after the sprouts appear, small eggplants are put into a bright room with a temperature of +16 - +18 degrees for a week.

Rules for proper landing

Eggplants really don’t like transplanting; their roots are usually injured, and then it takes time for the plant to come to its senses and take root in a new place. That is why it is advisable not to pick seedlings, but to use individual containers for growing. These can be ceramic pots, special cassettes for seedlings, plastic cups with a volume of at least 0.5 liters, peat cups or tablets. The dishes should have drainage holes to drain excess water.

The soil should be light, fertile, but always fine-grained so that the sprouts do not encounter additional resistance during germination. Sometimes gardeners sift it dry. The dishes need to be washed and doused with boiling water, and the soil should be disinfected by spilling a hot solution of potassium permanganate. Some people prefer to heat it for 20 minutes in a hot oven or freeze it for half an hour and then defrost it. The methods are all good, the main thing is to kill pathogens and pest larvae.

Seeds are placed on moist, warm soil, sprinkled with dry soil 1–1.5 cm thick on top. 2–4 seeds are placed in individual containers, then the strongest sprout is selected from those that have sprouted, and the rest are pinched off or cut off near the ground. If the material is sown in common containers or boxes (with subsequent picking), then it is placed in grooves at a distance of 3–4 cm between seeds and 5–6 cm between grooves.

The dishes with sowing are covered with polyethylene to create a greenhouse effect, and placed in a warm, unlit place. At this stage, warmth is important; light will be needed when the shoots appear above the ground.

Why don't eggplant seeds germinate?

Prepared seeds should sprout in 5 – 7 days. It is advisable to sow different varieties in different containers; they may differ in the timing of emergence. If after a week nothing appears above the surface of the earth, this is already a reason to think about the reasons and check all stages of preparation, sowing and care.

Poor quality seeds

It is advisable to buy seeds in specialized stores from a trusted manufacturer. This can be a certain quality guarantee. Responsible manufacturers indicate on the packaging the time of seed collection, the approximate dates of sowing and expected germination.

Before sowing, be sure to check the seeds for germination. You can reject low-quality seeds by placing all seed in salt water for 3 to 5 minutes.

High-quality ones will sink to the bottom, low-quality ones can be thrown out right with the water, anyway, those that remain on the surface will not germinate.

Improper watering

Improper watering can delay the appearance of sprouts. If you over-moisten the soil, it will stick to the grain, depriving it of air. This is especially dangerous if the soil is not very light and contains a lot of clay.
Too dense soil can require a lot of effort from the germinating seed, even deeper than 1.5 cm can be a problem, delaying germination for several days. It is not for nothing that they recommend not pressing the grains, but simply spreading them out on damp soil and covering them with dry soil.

Incorrect temperature

The most comfortable temperature for sprouts to appear is between +25 and +28 degrees. It is at this temperature that they will appear in 5–10 days, if, of course, the soil temperature is the same. A lower temperature will delay seedlings; below +18 degrees it can deprive even hope of their appearance, as well as above +30 degrees.

Video “Sowing seeds for seedlings”

From the video you will learn how to properly sow eggplant seeds for seedlings.